All the efforts towards the energy efficiency improvements, the sustainable development, the low carbon production and the integration of clean energy sources, such as RES, are impactful on the energy market aiming at decreasing the environmental impact of energy production. In addition, unconventional resources represent an interesting, though controversial, solution to access new and significant energy sources, as was observed by Moncada Lo Giudice et al. The authors found that the development of RES technologies has very favorable economic, social, and environmental impacts and improves the control of dependence on foreign energy. They reviewed the current support system, the costs of integrating RES into the electric system as well as the effects of RES on electricity price, the GDP, the environment, human health and employment. dealt with the production of electricity from RES in Spain. The advance of RES technologies has environmental and social benefits, but it also involves positive and negative economic impacts. Ballester and Furió observed, for the Spanish case, how the inclusion of RES into the electricity generation system has actually impacted the level and volatility of day-ahead market prices. For example, renewable energy sources (RES) and unconventional resources have acquired an increasing and interesting role in the future energy mix.
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In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that new key factors are affecting the current and the future energy market. For instance, the WEO-2014 had a special focus on nuclear power the WEO-2015 had a focus on India’s energy outlook and the WEO-2016 had a focus on renewable energy, addressing many of the key questions. The 450 Scenario assumes a set of policies to be implemented to limit the rise in the long-term average global temperature to two degrees Celsius. The Current Policies Scenario incorporates policies formally adopted as of mid-2015 and it does not assume that the current policies will change. It is the central scenario of the WEO-2015. The New Policies Scenario takes into account the policies and measures adopted as of mid-2015 and the relevant intentions that have been announced by governments. As in previous Outlooks, three scenarios are defined in the WEO-2015: The New Policies Scenario, the Current Policies Scenario and the 450 Scenario. The results confirm a worldwide interest in renewable and unconventional resources for the forthcoming decades, as well as efforts to increase the energy efficiency potential in all end-use sectors to reduce the overall environmental impact of energy production.Įach year, the OECD’s International Energy Agency (IEA) sets out the present energy situation, defining future scenarios with particular reference to energy development, renewables and carbon reductions in the World Energy Outlook (WEO) reports. Sustainable development issues, according to the global climate agreement signed at COP21, are also presented. In particular, energy resources, energy consumption and economic growth both in developing and developed countries are presented, with a particular attention to the role of energy efficiency, nuclear power, unconventional fossil resources and renewable energies.
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Energy demand and energy consumptions projected by IEA (International Energy Agency) are examined, in comparison with projections provided by other international agencies and companies in the energy sector. The paper presents recent and future trends of the world energy market, as highlighted by medium- and long-term projections.